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However, just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative way I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. Whatever you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the more supposes you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its somewhat similar to some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to achieve but quite easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions that you opted to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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So thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and be granted the right to upgrade the blockchain. Of course, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account Look At This of the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the more mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics problem. So the difficulty of the mining method is really self-adjusting into the accumulated mining power the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to address the issue; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was low. As Bitcoin began to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.